The list begins about 266,000 years ago, long before we understood human civilization to have even begun, at a time when "kingship first descended from heaven" in the ancient Sumerian city of Eridu in southeastern Iraq. (In thearmyofGutium, in the beginning, they were their own kings and ruled for a total of 3 years.). Available at: https://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/section2/tr211.htm, Wood, B. G. 2003. How is the chronology of Egyptian pharaohs calculated? Where did the numbers come from? The amazingly long tenure of the early kings has provoked many attempts at interpretation. P) of this text are known, all of them written in Sumerian, although some of them clearly show Akkadian influence. What year did the Hongwu Emperor found the Ming dynasty? It symbolizes an impenetrable, immovable and indestructible state of knowledge and enlightenment. The Sumerian King List seems to have been composed to imply that the dominion of Mesopotamia, determined by the gods, could only be exercised by one city at a given time and for a limited period. Sumerian king listAmong all the examples of the Sumerian King List, the Weld-Blundell prism in the Ashmolean Museum cuneiform collection in Oxford represents the most extensive version as well as the most complete copy of the King List. ThenMariwasdefeated,and the kingship was taken toKic/Kish. I dont understand why there are so many instances of scholars not taking the ancient histories at face value. From Wikipedia: The Sumerian King List (abbreviated SKL) or Chronicle of the One Monarchy is an ancient literary composition written in Sumerian that was likely created and redacted to legitimize the claims to power of various city-states and kingdoms in southern Mesopotamia during the late third and early second millennium BC. 71, 77). 2 kings; they ruled for 64800 years." The Sumerian King list describes a time on Earth when Gods ruled for thousands of years over mankind. The claim is that there existed a culture of Sumerians and lineage of 8 kings for over 240,000 years, based on a list of kings written by the Sumerians. The total length of their domination: 242,100 years - how is that possible? At one extreme is the complete dismissal of the astronomically large figures as completely artificial and the view that they are unworthy of serious consideration. How was an Egyptian pharaoh different from a Sumerian king? Then Eridug fell and the kingship was taken to Bad-tibira. Political power originally belonged to the citizens, but, as rivalry between the various city states increased, each adopted the institution of kingship. Gilgamec, the lord ofKulaba, ruled for 126 years. What is the name of the Sumerian writing system? Source: Public domain, Geerts, L. C. No date. As more and more excavations took place, the more contents belonging to the list were uncovered. Then Eridug fell and the kingship was taken to Bad-tibira. Sumer (sometimes called Sumeria), is the site of the earliest known civilization, located in the southernmost part of Mesopotamia between the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers, in the area that later became Babylonia and is now southern Iraq from around Baghdad to the Persian Gulf. The Code of Ur-Nammu (the oldest extant code of laws) is written. 2 kings; they ruled for 64800 years. And the most preserved record is what is known as the Weld-Blundell Prism. 4. It is believed that the Weld-Blundell prism originally had a wooden spindle going through its center so that it could be rotated and read on all four sides. What written language was used in the Old Kingdom of Egypt? She has a rich and varied career, ranging from teaching Read More. (3 months, and 3 1/2 days). c. 2055 BCE . (ms. P3+BT14 adds:) 1560 are the years of the dynasty ofEn-me-nuna.Barsal-nuna, the son ofEn-me-nuna,(mss. The first fragments of the Sumerian King list were published in 1906. The oldest written laws date back to 2400 B.C. How old was King Solomon when he became king? P3+BT14, Su1 have instead:900)years. 3200-2700 Before Common Era can be subdivided into three perios based on development in architecture, pottery, seals and writing: the Late Uruk (ca. The early Sumerian king list names eight kings with a total of 241,200 years from the time when "the kingship was lowered from heaven" to the time when "the Flood" swept over the land and once more "the kingship was lowered from heaven" after the Flood. How old was King David when he became king? As noted by a description by the Ashmolean Museum, the Sumerian King List is not history as we would understand it, but a combination of myth, legend and historical information.. 17631753 BC). And was the idea of 8 kings lifted from a book Hilprecht knew: the Bible? What makes the Sumerian King List so unique is the fact that it blends apparently mythical pre-dynastic rulers with historical rulers who are known to have existed in real life. Dark Matter (clear gravity) binds the universe together and is itsbackbone. The Sumerian King List describes how a group of enlightened beings descended from heaven to rule Earth. WB.) 1 king; he ruled for a total of 360 years. The Reign of Utu-Hegal at Uruk in Sumer and creation of Sumerian King List. Augsburger Wunderzeichenbuch, Folio 1 (Genesis 7, 11-14). Arwium, the son ofMacda, ruled for 720 years. Which civilization built ziggurats and used cuneiform to record information? Naram-Suen, the son ofMan-icticcu, ruled for 56years. All items used on this website are for educational purposes under the Fair Use doctrine which allows use of copy-written material without the need for permission from or payment to the copyright holder. 1-39 After the kingship descended from heaven, the kingship was in Eridug.In Eridug, Alulim became king; he ruled for 28800 years. How old was Djoser when he became pharaoh? Since then, archaeologists have found more than 18 copies from different sites in ancient Mesopotamia. Tizqar, the son ofZamug, ruled for 305 years. How old is the ancient Egyptian number system? InBad-tibira,En-men-lu-anaruled for 43200 years. It also lacks the detailed information of Genesis and its moral and spiritual emphases. Likewise, in the Sumerian King List there is discussion of a great deluge, where the text states that the flood swept over the earth.. Bad-tibira became the new location of kingship after the fall of Eridug. 150,000-Year-Old Pipes Baffle Scientists in China: Out of Place in Time? Alulim-28,000 2. This doesnt explain, however, why the periods of tenure later switched to realistic time periods. ThenUrim/Urwas defeated, and the kingship was taken toIsin. How old was Hammurabi when he became king? ThenKic/Kishwasdefeated,and the kingship was taken toAkcak. I am a believer in Christ and a mathematician and have studied the scriptures since 1965. And while some people may seem content with the story as it stands, our view is that there existcountless mysteries, scientific anomalies and surprising artifacts thathave yet to be discovered and explained. Ancient Chinese Earthquake Detector Invented 2,000 Years Ago Really Worked! Larag (Larak), which was the city-state of Ninurta, the son of Enlil. Car-kali-carri, the son ofNaram-Suen, ruled for 25 years. The Sumerian King List (abbreviated SKL) or Chronicle of the One Monarchy is an ancient literary composition written in Sumerian that was likely created and redacted to legitimize the claims to power of various city-states and kingdoms in southern Mesopotamia during the late third and early second millennium BC. P2+L2, Su1 have instead:410)years. This literary text narrates the war between Gilgamesh (king of Uruk) and Aga (the last king of the first dynasty Kish). Icme-Dagan, the son ofIddin-Dagan, ruled for 20years. The text usually referred to as the 'Sumerian King List' (SKL) is a composition somewhere between a literary text and a list proper, which deals with the history of kingship in Babylonia from the beginning of time to the early centuries of the second millennium BCE. 3000-2900 BCE) and Early Dynastic I , II and III(ca. If Sitchins translations are correct, they were from a different planet, and they might well have lived for such lengths of time. about Earliest-known Human Engineered Hybrid Animals Identified in Mesopotamia, about Lagash, the Lost City of Mesopotamia, about Sumerian Etana Translated As Biblical Enoch, Mother and Child Reunion Of Thetis And Achilles, Seductive Sirens of Greek Mythology and How Heroes Resisted Them, Celestial Goddess Selene: The Ancient Greek Goddess of the Moon, Pegasus of Greek Mythology: Majestic Winged Horse of Mount Olympus, Dreams of Human-Powered Flight: Daedalus and the Story of Icarus, The Beautiful Casket that Killed Mary, Queen of Scots. The oldest known version of the Sumerian King List dates to the Ur III period, dating to around 2112 BC - 2004 BC . 3 kings; they ruled for 108000 years. It is believed that it originally had a wooden spindle going through its centre so that it could be rotated and read on all four sides. Civilization's Midnight: The Late Bronze Age Collapse, How Henry VI Genetically Engineered Henry Tudor for the Throne, Excavations at the Battle of Camden Site Unearth 14 Revolutionary War Victims, Rare, Giant-Sized Haniwa Funerary Statue Found in Japan, 16 Creepy Masks Made from Real Human Skulls, Archaeologists Salvage Inscribed Palace Door Threshold at City of Nimrud, Filthy Philaenis? From what period of history are the writings of Hesiod? Each city state worshiped its own deity, whose temple was the central structure of the city. The Sumerian King List is known from a number of different sources, all in the form of clay tablets or cylinders and written in Sumerian.At least 16 different tablets or fragments containing parts of the composition are known. Were always looking for new guest authors and we welcome individual bloggers to contribute high-quality guest posts. Zamug, the son ofBarsal-nuna, ruled for 140 years. The Sumerian list assigns an average reign duration of 30,150 years, with a total duration for the period of 241,200 years, compared to an average age of the biblical patriarchs of 858 years and a sum of 8575 years for their full lives. I agree to receive email updates and promotions. By the 3rdmillennium BC, Sumer was the site of at least twelve separate city states, including Kish, Erech, Ur, Sippar, Akshak, Larak, Nippur, Adab, Umma, Lagash, Bad-tibira and Larsa. It is written: "So all the days of Methuselah were nine hundred and sixty-nine years; and he died." (Genesis 5:27) Many through the ages have had a difficult time believe that the patriarchs of Genesis lived to be as old as they did. What year did King Tutankhamun became king? God's Holy Spirit makes up 95% of the mass of this universe and it literally slows things down on purpose. ThenLaragfell (?) Using a stylus to write on clay tablet, cuneiform consists of a series of wedge-shaped pictographs representing words and phrases. What time periods in human history are BCE and CE? Cosmos /kzms/ the universe seen as a well-ordered whole. Available at: http://oi.uchicago.edu/pdf/as11.pdf, No name. The Sumerian King List records that eight kings reigned before a Great Flood. In Eridug, Alulim became king; he ruled for 28800 years. Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library, Ancient Sumerians: History, Civilization & Culture. When was the Babylonian Empire established by the Amorites? They have physical doubles on Earth, on occasion, that you might meet, on occasion. The Weld-Blundell Prism is among the most complete versions of the Sumerian King List, and includes the inscription for Alulim. Considered one of the two oldest forms of writing in the world, cuneiform originated in ancient Mesopotamia and was first used in the early Bronze Age, approximately 3,200 BC. Painting of the Great Flood as told in Genesis. You could say that Curiosmos is the Cosmos for the curious reader. The 5 city-states which were listed in the Sumerian King List, in the order of rule or succession before the Copper Aged Great Flood, are as follows: 1. The Sumerian king list: translation ( Source) Before the Flood 1-39After the kingship descended from heaven, the kingship was in Eridug. 1 King ruled Curuppag for a total of 18,600 years. Who was the first king of the Babylonian Empire? Available at: https://www.galaxie.com/article/bspade16-4-04. The list is of special interest to the . The Sumerian King List describes how a group of enlightened beings descended from heaven to rule Earth. Receive exclusive videos from Curiosmos.com. The historical document describes how in the distant past when the first cities of Earth were created in Mesopotamia, its rulers came from the heavens and ruled over the land for tens of thousands of years. She had an incredible impact on both Scottish and English history, and her life was one of tragedy, romance, and drama. 173 related topics. Cu-Suen, the son ofIcu-Il, ruled for 7 years. If time was any faster, nothing would bind together. The Sumerian King List presents kingship as a divine . The Dynastic Chronicle (ABC 18) is a Babylonian king list written on six columns, beginning with entries for the antideluvian Sumerian rulers. What year was the Column of Trajan built? The clay tablet that survived was dated by the scribe who wrote it in the reign of King Utukhegal of Erech (Uruk), which places it around 2125 BC. Tizqar, the son ofZamug, ruled for 305 years. Puzur-Suen, the son ofHablum, ruled for 7 years. Then the devastating flood swept over. years. Ancient Origins 2013 - 2022Disclaimer- Terms of Publication - Privacy Policy & Cookies - Advertising Policy -Submissions - We Give Back - Contact us. C) cuneiform was a written script of wedge shaped marks. P2+L2, P3+BT14, P5 have instead:Aba)ruled for 600 years. Createyouraccount. However, there is enough common material in all versions of the Sumerian King List to make it clear that they are derived from a single, ideal account of Sumerian history. 2022 - Curiosmos | All rights reserved | Created with, VIDEO: Bermuda Triangle Dive Uncovers Spaceship Wreckage, A 2,100-Year-Old Medallion of Goddess Aphrodite Unearthed in Priestess Tomb, Half-a-million-year-old tools discovered in Poland, Ancient Pyramidal Mounds Found to be Oldest Man-Made Structures in North America. Political power originally belonged to the citizens, but, as rivalry between the various city-states increased, each adopted the institution of kingship. 2022 Petri Pixel. What was writing used for in Ancient Egypt? Many people believe what was once recorded in Sumer eventually made its way into whats recorded in the Holy Bible and other Holy texts. What year was the Sumerian King List written? It is important to note that the first three kings, in order, ruled for 28,800 years, 36,000 years and 43,200 years. Alagar . Aga, the son ofEn-men-barage-si, ruled for 625 years. ( Public domain ), Some scholars (e.g. In 1960, the Apkullu-list (Tablet No. Gilgamesh is also listed in the Sumerian king list. At the beginning of the Sumerian King List, it is described that eight kings ruled the earth for a total of 241,200 years, and then the devastating flood swept over their land. Man-icticcu, the older brother ofRimuc, the son ofSargon, ruled for15years. This is similar to Genesis 5, where the generations from Creation to the Flood are recorded. Each of these states comprised a walled city and its surrounding villages and land. P2+L2, P3+BT14, P5, the 10th and 11th rulers of the dynasty precede the 8th and 9th.) 2 kings; they ruled for 64800 years. Welcome to Genesis 1:2,the scientific version. Mec-ki-aj-Nanna, the son ofMec-Ane-pada, ruled for36 years. The origins of Sumerian civilization in Mesopotamia are still debated today, but archaeological evidence indicates that they established roughly a dozen city-states by the fourth millennium BC. Mistranslation. In Mari the Akkadian language was probably written from the very beginning. All rights reserved. A) the Sumerians developed cuneiform. 96. DISCLAIMER: Opinions expressed on this site do not necessarily represent the History Archive nor do they necessarily reflect those of the various authors, editors, and owners of this site. From Araucana, Chile to Berchtesgaden, Germany - A Remote Connection? There are beings who are eternal, but their bodies are not like ours are. 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Meet the Quinotaur. The first part of the Sumerian King List: "1-39 After the kingship descended from heaven, the kingship was in Eridug. Available at: https://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/sitchin/king_list.htm, Harrison, R. K. 1993. ThenAwanwas defeated, and the kingship was taken toKic/Kish. Kalumumruled for840(mss. The Sumerian King List has different versions or recensions represented by a number of cuneiform sources (most of these are fragmentary) that are dated to the Ur III period (ca. En-men-barage-si, who made the land ofElamsubmit, became king; he ruled for 900 years. This is according to. The Sumerian King List in Biblioteca Pleyades . In Eridug, Alulim became king; he ruled for 28800 years. Something strange; unusual. Due to closed minded people in our own churches, they have no idea how to explain the first six Days of creation .. unless you are a mathematician. Ur, Nippur and elsewhere 2100 BCE. Surprising Stone Age Knowledge Revealed on a Mammoth Bone Bracelet. Who were the Amorites in ancient history? Kug-Bau, the woman tavern-keeper, who made firm the foundations ofKic/Kish, became king; she ruled for 100 years. Lack of a sense of humour. The sequence of cities is identical to the Eridu Genesis. Iddin-Dagan, the son ofCu-ilicu, ruled for21 years. It ends with King Sin-magir of the so-called Isin dynasty (around 1827-1817 BC). The Niacin Counsel should have never rejected it, in my humble opinion. You can find the complete translation of the Sumerian King List by clicking here. Eridug (Eridu), which was Enki's city-state. D) most people were literate and knew how to write in cuneiform. Related to this perspective is the belief that although the early kings are historically unattested, this does not preclude their possible correspondence with historical rulers who were later mythicized. How old was Tutankhamun when he became king? Rimuc, the son ofSargon, ruled for9 years. En-me-nunaruled for660(ms. P2+L2 has instead:621)years. The earliest known lists were found at Shuruppak, and seem to have been date lines based not on a king's reign, but. . By the 3rd millennium BC, Sumer was the site of at least twelve separate city states: Kish, Erech, Ur,Sippar, Akshak, Larak, Nippur, Adab, Umma, Lagash, Bad-tibira, and Larsa. Dumuzid, the fisherman, whose city wasKuara, ruled for100 years. It lists rulers from the antediluvian (before the flood) dynasties to the fourteenth ruler of the Isin dynasty (ca. From the moment he was discovered, the little Inuit baby captured hearts with his photograph plastered on magazines and What is the origin of the legend of the Christed Son who was born of a virgin on December 25th? The 8-inch-high prism contains four sides with two columns on each side. In what time period was the Babylonian Empire? The flood is the subject of other major works in Mesopotamian literature and the story was adapted in the Old Testament to form the basis of the account of Noah. Balih, the son ofEtana, ruled for400(mss. Arwium, the son ofMacda, ruled for 720 years. It ends with King Sin-magir of the so-called Isin dynasty (around 1827-1817 BC). No two of these documents are identical. !, Whether the translations are truthful and the figures therefore correct matters less than logic, and early on in this article, for example, we find the statement: What makes this artefact so unique is the fact that the list blends apparently mythical pre-dynastic rulers with historical rulers who are known to have existed.. Ur-Ninurta, the son ofIckur,ruled for28years. It seems reasonable to assume that they belong to the same original tradition handed down in the As Greek mythology goes, the universe was once a big soup of nothingness. ThenAgadewas defeated,and the kingship was taken toUnug/Uruk. Bryant G. Wood, 2003) have drawn attention to the fact that there are remarkable similarities between the Sumerian King List and accounts in Genesis. It was found in the temple library of Nippur, an ancient city of Mesopotamia, now in southeastern Iraq at the turn of the century. How did Egyptian writing differ from Sumerian writing? Zamug, the son ofBarsal-nuna, ruled for 140 years. The Sumerian King List is an ancient list of Mesopotamian rulers: their names, their seat of power and the length of their reigns. However, the best-preserved specimen of the Sumerian King List is referred to as the Weld-Blundell Prism, aclay, cuneiform inscribed vertical prism currently housed in the Ashmolean Museum. Curuppag became the new location of kingship after the fall of Zimbir. Eridu, belonged to Enki, God of creation, intelligence, wisdom, and magic. In Sanskrit, the word vajra is defined as something hard or mighty, as in a diamond. copyright 2003-2022 Homework.Study.com. The Sumerian King List splits the list into antediluvian and postdiluvian: "Then the flood swept over" - "After the flood had swept over." Adam lived to be 930 years old, that means if the average Sumerian man lived 75 years there would have been 12 generations of Sumerians during Adam's lifetime. Were the kings lists of Sumer historical? It even demonstrates remarkable parallels to accounts in Genesis. Bazi, the leatherworker, ruled for 30 years. Which period of Egyptian history was known for building pyramids? Amar-Suena, the son ofCulgi, ruled for9years. Mec-ki-aj-Nanna, the son ofNani, ruled48years. It does so by repetitively . The text appears to have been composed in the late third millennium BCE (Ur III period), and was later updated. The Sumerian King List was first compiled by Sumerian scribes circa 2100 B.C. A system of thought. No two of these documents are identical. The dead were buried along with their worldly possessions and Sumer, or the land of civilized kings, flourished in Mesopotamia, now modern-day Iraq, around 4500 BC. Why are there so many similarities with Genesis? Fakes. Alaljarruled for 36000 years. After the Flood had swept over and kingship had descended from heaven. The Sumerian King List and the Diatonic G-Scale Factor 9 William C Henry, 6 March 2015 . are referred to by the sigla used by Vincente 1995; from those listed there, mss.Fi, Go, P6, and WB 62 were not used; if not specified by a note, numerical data come from ms. Barsal-nuna, the son ofEn-me-nuna, ruled for 1200 years. The list includes their names, supposed reign lengths, and the locations of official kingship. However, there is enough common material in all versions of the list to make it clear that they are derived from a single, "ideal" account of Sumerian history. Learn about where the Sumerian civilization was located. Many experts believe that the poem probably existed in the oral form during the Sumerian Third Dynasty of Ur (c. 2100 BC) and that it was written down after the Babylonians came to power (c. 1800 BC). In 5 cities, 8 kings ruled for a total of 241,200 years. Using a stylus to. W.20030, 7) or Uruk List of Kings and Sages (ULKS) was discovered by German archaeologists at an ancient temple at Uruk. Very much like the lyrics of the famous Mary I of Scotland, or Mary, Queen of Scots is one of the most iconic monarchs in British history. Melem-Kic, the son ofEn-me-nuna, ruled for 900 years. How old was Suetonius when he wrote The Twelve Caesars? Earliest-known Human Engineered Hybrid Animals Identified in Mesopotamia, Sumerian Etana Translated As Biblical Enoch. Damiq-ilicu, the son ofSuen-magir, ruled for 23 years. Ur-Nungal, the son ofGilgamec, ruled for 30 years. The first fragment of this rare and unique text, a 4,000-year-old cuneiform tablet, was found in the early 1900s by German-American scholar Hermann Hilprecht at the site of ancient Nippur and published in 1906. These sources were discovered at different quarters of ancient Mesopotamia and its periphery . The list itself is composed of a number of fragments recorded in cuneiform-etched, clay tablets, that detail a rare, and unexpected lineage of God and Human rulers, which lived, according to the historical list, for tens of thousands of years, while ruling the land of ancient Mesopotamia. It is noteworthy to mention that none of the predynastic antediluvian rulers have been verified via archaeological excavations, epigraphical inscriptions, or otherwise. It also lacks the detailed information of Genesis and its moral and spiritual emphases. This is the oldest preserved great Sumerian . In Bad-tibira, En-men-lu-ana ruled for . The Mysterious Man from Taured Evidence for a Parallel Universe? InEridug,Alulimbecame king; he ruled for 28800 years. The Sumerian King List, records that eight kings reigned before a great flood. The List Since that date, more than 15 different fragments and at least one fairly complete list have been found and published. How old was Tutankhamun when he ruled Egypt? (Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin / CC BY-SA 4.0 ). Of course, there is no such thing as a Sumerian king list. Ziusudra is the Babylonian name, and Zi-ud-sura is the Sumerian version. ThenUnug/Urukwas defeated,and the kingship was taken toAgade. Lugalbanda, the shepherd, ruled for 1200 years. At the other extreme, is the belief that the numbers have a basis in reality and that the early kings were indeed gods who were capable of living much longer than humans. Eventually, throughout the years, archeologists found over a dozen copies of Sumerian King Lists, in Babylon, Susa, and Assyria, and the Royal Library of Nineveh from the VII century BC. What year did Hezekiah prevail over Sennacherib? How old was Narmer when he became pharaoh? How old was Amenhotep IV when he became pharaoh? What year did King Solomon build the Temple of Jerusalem? Among the later Mesopotamian texts that deal with the Early Dyna. Lost and Found Evidence of Extreme Size Life Forms Everywhere! The Sumerians were considered to have a rich body of literary works, though . Cu-Suen, the son ofAmar-Suena, ruled for9 years. The list as we have it today is actually a critical reconstruction of nearly 20 ancient fragments published in 1939 by the renowned Danish, Sumerologist Thorkild Jacobson. By the 3rd millennium BC, Sumer was the site of at least twelve separate city states: Kish, Erech, Ur,Sippar, Akshak, Larak, Nippur, Adab, Umma, Lagash, Bad-tibira, and Larsa. c. 2370-2314) is one of the greatest heroes of ancient Mesopotamian history , the one who founded the Akkadian Empire (c. 2370-2190), the very first world empire. Approximately 137 Kings annotated on the Sumerian Kings list that came after the flood and ruled for approximately 25,565 years. The first considerable fragment of the Sumerian King List was published in 1906. AtAncient Origins, we believe that one of the most important fields of knowledge we can pursue as human beings is our beginnings. Mamagal, the boatman, ruled for360 years. the sumerian king list, a sumerian textual composition with different versions (actually two are precisely dated the time of the third dynasty of ur and the old babylonian period),. Getting inked has been around longer than youd think. The list, dating to c. 165 BC, contains a series of kings, equivalent to the Sumerian antediluvians called "Apkullu". 3 kings; they ruled for a total of 150 years. The list narrates and describes the rule of pre-flood, or antediluvian, Gods, who are said to have ruled on Earth for tens of thousands of years. The mythical kings are included because the people who made the list werent alive before the flood, and likely were relying on embellished/fragmented tales. ThenUnug/Urukwasdefeated,and the kingship was taken toUrim/Ur. 2900-2350 BCE) periods. The Sumerian King List (abbreviated SKL) or Chronicle of the One Monarchy is an ancient literary composition written in Sumerian that was likely created and redacted to legitimize the claims to power of various city-states and kingdoms in southern Mesopotamia during the late third and early second millennium BC. The list presumed to detail the dominant, and 'official', kings from the beginning of history - when kingship was first handed down from Heaven. The Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh written on clay tablets. The Sumerian King Lists first fragments were excavated in the 1900s by Hermann Hilprecht at the ancient Sumerian city of Nippur. The Man from Taured, sometimes referred to as the Taured Mystery or the Man without a Country, is an urban legend about a man who arrives at a Japanese airport from an unheard of country called Taured. Zimbir became the new location of kingship after the fall of Larag. Then the Army ofGutiumwasdefeated,and the kingship was taken toUnug/Uruk. Each of these states comprised a walled city and its surrounding villages and land, and each worshiped its own deity, whose temple was the central structure of the city. ThenAkcakwas defeated,and the kingship was taken toKic/Kish. It is believed that the more years a king ruled, the more important he was in history. Gilgamesh was included in the Sumerian King List. and the kingship was taken toLarag. Thegoal of Ancient Origins is to highlight recent archaeological discoveries, peer-reviewed academic research and evidence, as well as offering alternative viewpoints and explanations of science, archaeology, mythology, religion and history around the globe. Larag became the new location of kingship after the fall of Bad-tibira. Consequently, parties mentioned or implied cannot be held liable or responsible for such opinions. (ms. P3+BT14 adds:) 1525 are the years of the dynasty ofEn-men-barage-si. What does the Code of Hammurabi reveal about Sumerian society? Afterwards, the list claims that various city-states and their dynasties of kings temporarily gained power over the others. The Sumerian King List begins with the very origin of kingship, which is seen as a divine institution: the kingship had descended from heaven. The rulers in the earliest dynasties are represented as reigning fantastically long periods: After the kingship descended from heaven, the kingship was in Eridug. Macda, the son ofAtab, ruled for840(ms. Su1 has instead:720)years. The Biblical Enoch corresponds to a remarkable degree with the figure of Etana in Sumerian tradition. Incredibly, when the first three numbers of these sequences are played as tones, we get a numerically perfect D major chord of 288Hz, 360Hz & 432Hz. ThenAdabwasdefeated,and the kingship was taken toMari. Ur-gigir, the son ofUr-nijin, ruled for6 years. about Were All The Nephilim Giants Or Men Of Renown? (In mss. There's a couple fantastic claims about the number of years 8 Sumerian Kings ruled based on the mythical sections of WB 444, a cuneiform prism considered to be the best preserved kings list. How long after Jesus' time did Tacitus write about him? What was the purpose of the Sumerian calendar? The Sumerian King List (abbreviated SKL) or Chronicle of the One Monarchy is an ancient literary composition written in Sumerian that was likely created and redacted to legitimize the claims to power of various city-states and kingdoms in southern Mesopotamia during the late third and early second millennium BC. 1king; he ruled for a total of90years. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_mitochondrial_DNA_haplogroup, Ruins of a temple platform in Nippurthe brick structure on top was constructed by American archaeologists around 1900. image source wiki, Enuma Elish (The Seven Tablets of Creation), The Sumerian king list: translation (ox.ac.uk), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), The Hidden History of the Sumerians, Haplogroups Part I. Dumuzid, the shepherd, ruled for 36,000 years. International and domestic copyright laws apply for all non-public domain written content, graphic images and other multimedia. The Sumerian King List is one of the oldest historiographical documents known to mankind. Lovelock Cave: A Tale of Giants or A Giant Tale of Fiction? According to the Sumerian King List, when the gods first gave human beings the gifts necessary for cultivating society, they did so by establishing the city of Eridu in the region of Sumer. What year was the Code of Hammurabi written? 1 King ruled in Larag for a total of 28,800 years. If time was slower, we would have alreadyexisted. Thus, the Sumerian King List not only documents a great flood early in mans history, but it also reflects the same pattern of decreasing longevity as found in the Bible - men had extremely long life spans before the flood and much shorter life spans following the flood. Really? the numbers are astrological estimations of the length of time the sun is in each constellation using the precession as markers. How many months were in the Sumerian calendar? The University of Chicago Press. ThenHamaziwas defeated, and the kingshipwas taken Unug/Uruk. In between the two extremes is the hypothesis that the figures represent relative power, triumph or importance. What makes this artefact so unique is the fact that the list blends apparently mythical pre-dynastic rulers with historical rulers who are known to have existed. Thus, the founders of the dynasty of Akkad were presumably . Written by Abdu July 14, 2022 July 27, 2022. . 2119-2004 B.C.) Was Athelstan England's First and Greatest King? These were the kings who ruled after the devastating flood. More Information About the Sumerian King List. Kullassina-belruled for960(ms. P2+L2 has instead:900)years. How did Egyptian and Sumerian writing systems differ? ThenEridugfell and the kingship was taken toBad-tibira. Since Hilprechts discovery, at least 18 other exemplars of the kings list have been found, most of them dating from the second half of the Isin dynasty (c. 2017-1794 BC.). Were All The Nephilim Giants Or Men Of Renown? Sumer (sometimes called Sumeria), is the site of the earliest known civilization, located in the southernmost part of Mesopotamia between the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers, in the area that later became Babylonia and is now southern Iraq from around Baghdad to the Persian Gulf. The Weld-Blundell Prism. The Sumerian records furnish the first date of the Indus era - the war with Ravana took place in 1794 BC. More often it occurs as an inde-pendent list, of which one example is held by the Schyen collection, published here as text No. It tells several stories of Gilgamesh, one being the story of the great flood. It was Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. The Nephilim, however, entail much more and can be traced back to a much richer tradition found in ancient Mesopotamia about the A super-powerful animal known as the kunga was the first-known human-engineered hybrid of two animal species, reports a new study published in Science Advances . and Old Babylonian period (ca. Where did King Arthur Acquire Excalibur, the Stone or the Lake? The highly important Sumerian king list was written in Sumerian cuneiform on clay tablets, with the first version probably appearing during the Ur III Period (circa 2150-2000 BC). Given the rulers lengthy reign and their general description, scholars argue that the list is not a factual document but rather a mixture of prehistorical and mythological accounts. In Eridug, Alulim became king; he ruled for 28800 years. I thought education was supposed to open minds, not put up blinders. There are two Ram-Sins in Sumerian history.". Iltasadumruled for 1200 years. 182 relations. Who was the first emperor of Mesopotamia? Alaljar ruled for 36000 years. Ui-watar, the son ofZimudar, ruled for7years. Then, two things happened: either Chaos or Gaia created the universe as we know it, or Ouranos and Tethys gave birth to the first beings. 8 Immortal Lords Ruled Earth For 240,000 Years - The Sumerian King List Unveiled The Sumerian King List describes how a group of enlightened beings descended from heaven to rule Earth. The Sumerian King List lists kings who ruled in ancient Sumer and nearby locations before and after the great flood, also known as the deluge. The Smithsonian excavated and/or bought skeletons of giants, but now deny their existence. The empire united Akkadian and Sumerian speakers under one rule. The 8-inch-high (20.32 cm) prism contains four sides with two columns on each side. Created with love for the passionately Curious. Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! Eridu is said to have marked the beginning of the Sumerian civilization around 5400 BCE and lasted until around 600 BCE. From this valuable and interesting document, discovered in the temple library of Nippur, ancient city of Mesopotamia, we learn that one of the earliest and most sacred cities of the Sumerians - Eridu (E.RI.DU - 'Home in the Faraway Built') was the seat of the kingship. When in the season of 1931/32 we opened up strata of Agade and Early Dynastic times, the chronology of these periods naturally occupied our thoughts greatly, and the author felt prompted to resume earlier, more perfunctory studies of the Sumerian King List. An ancient manuscript originally recorded in the Sumerian language, the Sumerian King List is a register of the kings of Sumer (ancient southern Iraq) from Sumerian and neighboring dynasties. Another similarity is that many scholars believe there were a total of eight patriarchs up until the end of the great flood, and with the Sumerian King List having eight kings who ruled up until their version of the great flood, the similarity between the two is hard to dismiss. After the kingship descended from heaven, the kingship was inEridug/Eridu. (this is extra: the son ofUr-gigir, ruled for 25years. (Thorkild Jacobsen, The Sumerian King List, 1939, pp. InKic,Jucurbecame king; he ruled for 1200 years. c. 2083 BCE - c. 2050 BCE. The Sumerian King List is an archaic stone tablet written in the Sumerian language. Mysterious Cases of Living Fossils, Suspended Animation, and Hibernation. Utnapishtim were retold from the Sumerian narrative as the Biblical 'Great Flood of Noah'. Babum ruled for (ms. P2+L2 has:)300years. Sculptured vase depicting Gilgamesh wrestling two bulls from the Shara temple at Tell Agrab, Diyala Region, Iraq. The Sumerian king list places the 1st dynasty of Kish, together with a series of kings bearing Akkadian names, immediately after the Flood. Cuneiform, the earliest form of writing in Mesopotamia, was primarily used to record what? Atab(mss. Etana, the shepherd, who ascended to heaven and consolidated all the foreign countries, ruled for 1500 years. In 5 cities 8 kings; they ruled for 241200 years. In Wikipedia. It also might have been dynastic propaganda, if the king in question was supposedly related to a mythic figure. They Were Nuts! 1 king; she ruled for a total of 100 years. Sargon the Great of Akkad (fl. What year did Aristotle write the Athenian Constitution? The list is of immense value because it reflects very old traditions while at the same time providing an important chronological framework relating to the different periods of kingship in Sumeria. 1 king; he ruled for 28800 years. How many centuries ago did Hammurabi live? Ancient literary composition written in Sumerian that was likely created and redacted to legitimize the claims to power of various city-states and kingdoms in southern Mesopotamia during the late third and early second millennium BC. Then the flood swept over. And the most preserved record is what is known as the Weld-Blundell Prism. The list also calls Etana "the shepherd, who ascended to heaven and consolidated all the foreign countries", and states that he ruled 1,560 years (some copies read 635) before being . Lipit-Ectar, the son ofIcme-Dagan, ruled for 11years. 2100 BCE. This is followed by the famous lines: The Flood swept over. En-men-gal-anaruled for 28800 years. It lists rulers from the antediluvian (before the flood) dynasties to the fourteenth ruler of the Isin Dynasty (ca. He is listed in the Sumerian King List as the successor of Arwium, the son of Mashda, as king of Kish. Alaljar ruled for 36000 years. a profound forensic examination of this sculpture might not go amiss. 8 kings; they ruled for a total of2,027 years. and the kingship was taken toCuruppag. Many people believe what was once recorded in Sumer eventually made its way into whats recorded in the Holy Bible and other Holy texts. We seek to retell the story of our beginnings. The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. section of the Sumerian King List, as in text No. The use of Mesopotamian material in the motifs and stories found in Genesis 111 (also called the Primeval History) has been of great interest to biblical scholars for many years. Consider alternatives. 2 Kings ruled in Eridug/Eridu for a total of 64,800 years. Urim/Ur became the new location of kingship after the fall of Unug/Uruk. For example, Genesis tells the story of the great flood and Noahs efforts to save all the species of animals on Earth from destruction. Surround it all with Antimatter and you have yourself your own universe. In Europe there is the Count St. Germain who may still be around, and Jesus who according to Revelation is now immortal: and behold I am alive for evermore. Compiled from several different clay tablets, the final part of the King List contains the names of historically attested rulers and . Ur-Uturuled for 6years. What was the Sumerian system of writing known as? B) the Sumerian King List was recorded in cuneiform. Welcome to a Day of Creation. (In some cases, the 10th and 11th rulers of the dynasty precede the 8th and 9th.). The reigns were measured in Sumerian numerical units known as sars (units of 3600), ners (units of 600), and sosses (units of 60). The poem is Mesopotamian in origin, written originally recorded around 2100 BC. Men-nuna, the son ofTuge,ruled for 180 years. . A story written almost two thousand years after the event would have to be taken from archival documents, as Egypt, Babylon, and the Hindus had writing systems long . The total length of their domination: 242,100 years - how is that possible? If you are a pastor of a church, reach out to me, if you want. Adam may or may not have shared with the . What was the written language of Mesopotamia? If you want to knowwhat I call True Time, just divide 186,000 MPS by 5% and then do the math. Also a Sumerian king would solve any problems someone in their power had. What year did Otto the Great became the Holy Roman Emperor? Explore the history of Ancient Sumer and the Sumerian civilization. (Ashmolean Museum / CC BY-SA 4.0 ). 40-94After the flood had swept over, and the kingship had descended from heaven, the kingship was inKic. These are just some of the questions that still remain unanswered after more than a century of research. How old was Trajan when he became emperor? Puannumruled for840(ms. P2+L2 has instead:240)years. The significance of the fact Ram-Sin's reign (60 years) was the longest in Sumerian history has been lost on most writers. The Ancient Mediterranean Sex Guide that Steamed Up the West, Amateur Fossil Hunters Find a Rosetta Stone for Paleontology, Were the Merovingians Descended from a Monster? The first fragment of this rare and unique text, a 4,000-year-old cuneiform tablet , was found in the early 1900s by German-American scholar Hermann Hilprecht at the site of ancient Nippur and his results were published in 1906. Why were ancient kings described as ruling for thousands of years? Since Hilprechts discovery, at least 18 other exemplars of the kings list have been found, most of them dating from the second half of the Isin Dynasty (c. 2017 to 1794 BC). The list begins about 266,000 years ago, at a time when "Kingship first descended from heaven" in the ancient Sumerian city of Eridu in southeastern Iraq. Melem-Kic, the son ofEn-me-nuna, ruled for 900 years. En-tarah-ana ruled for 420 years. 3 kings; they ruled for a total of 356 years. Anba, the son ofAnbu, ruled for17 years. We have neither evidence nor proof that ANY of these people ever existed at all, just a few stones with writing on them neither of which can be dated. 2 kings; they ruled for 64800 years. Some tablets are unprovenanced, but most have been recovered, or are known to have come from various sites across Mesopotamia, the majority coming from Nippur. Kalbum, the son ofMamagal, ruled for195years. Hereward the Wake Original Robin Hood or Fictional Medieval Hero? He was two-third God from his mother, the goddess Ninsun, and one-third human from his father. No date. Dumuzid, the shepherd, ruled for 36000 years. The Sumerian king list: translation in The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature . Therefore, some scholars argue that the incredibly lengthy reigns described in the Sumerian King List may have been created to describe not the actual timeline of rule, but the importance of Each King. There are more than 16 fragments and one nearly complete copy of the Sumerian King List found at different places at different times. And, to be pedantic so unique cannot exist as unique is unique, and cannot be more so! According to the Ancient Astronaut Theory, the Sumerian King's List is a real record of the Anunnaki Ancient Alien Astronauts presence and that of their giant offspring with mankind known as the Nephilim.. By bringing together top experts and authors, this archaeology website explores lost civilizations, examines sacred writings, tours ancient places, investigates ancient discoveries and questions mysterious happenings. His little face still stares upwards, as if eternally waiting for his mother. The Akkadian Empire exercised influence across Mesopotamia, the Levant, and Anatolia, sending military expeditions . For instance, the insistence that the Inca built those walls outside Cusco, even though early Spanish conquerers reported that the Inca told them they were there long before. Some scholars, such as Harrison, have even sought to explain the figures through mathematical investigation and interpretation. The people would come to the king and ask him a . In history of Mesopotamia: Sumer and Akkad from 2350 to 2000 bce. Alaljar ruled for 36000 years. In the King List he is described as he who stabilized all the lands" (The Sumerians, 43). How old was Menes when he became pharaoh? The Sumerian King List is an ancient stone tablet originally recorded in the Sumerian language, listing kings of Sumer (ancient southern Iraq) from Sumerian and neighboring dynasties, their supposed reign lengths, and the locations of the kingship. The Sumerian King List beings with the mythological origins of kingship, where the rulers have fantastically long reigns. InKic,Puzur-Suen, the son ofKug-Bau, ruled for 25 years. THE SUMERIAN KING LIST 1. Culgi, the son ofUr-Namma, ruled for46 years. Cu-ilicu, the son ofIcbi-Erra, ruled for20 years. The oldest known version of the Sumerian King List dates to the Ur III period, dating to around 2112 BC 2004 BC. 23 kings; they ruled for 24510 years, 3 months, and 3 1/2 days. Enmerkar, the son ofMec-ki-aj-gacer, the king ofUnug,ruled for 420 years. ThenKicwas defeated and the kingship was taken toE-ana. Archaeologists and historians date the Sumerian King List to the late-third to early-second millennia BC, known as the Ur III period. ThenKic/Kishwas defeated, and the kingship was taken toHamazi. For example, consider the following Mesopotamian/Sumerian kings list: Name Length of Reign 1. ThenKic/Kishwas defeated,and the kingshipwas taken toUnug/Uruk. The very first fragment of the list a 4,000-year-old cuneiform tablet was discovered in the early 1900s by German-American scholar Hermann Hilprecht at an archeological site in the ancient city of Nippur. What was writing used for in Mesopotamia? En-tarah-anaruled for (ms. P2+L2 has:)420years , 3 months, and 3 1/2 days. The vajra is the most important ritual implement of Vajrayana Buddhism. Bur-Suen, the son ofUr-Ninurta, ruled for 21 years. After the flood had swept over, the kingship descended for a second time from Heaven, and the kingship started inKish/Kic. Out of the many incredible artefacts that have been recovered from sites in Iraq where flourishing Sumerian cities once stood, few have been more intriguing that the Sumerian King List, an ancient manuscript originally recorded in the Sumerian language, listing kings of Sumer (ancient southern Iraq) from Sumerian and neighbouring dynasties, their supposed reign lengths, and the locations of "official" kingship. 7 Legendary Cryptids that Turned Out to Be Real! The Sumerian King List seems to have been composed to imply that the dominion of Mesopotamia, determined by the gods, could only be exercised by one city at a given time and for a limited period. Considered one of the two oldest forms of writing in the world, cuneiform originated in ancient Mesopotamia and was first used in the early Bronze Age, approximately 3,200 BC. How old was Akhenaten when he became pharaoh? In addition, the Sumerian King list offers a detailed description of the Sumerian rulers from the beginning of history, before the great flood. Then Unug/Urukwas abolished,and the kingship was taken to thearmyofGutium. Never miss a news release from the Curiosmos team. In the same way, the extremely reigns of the early kings may represent how incredibly important they were perceived as being in the eyes of the people. Kalibumruled for960(ms. P2+L2 has instead:900)years. After the flood, the King List records kings who ruled for much shorter periods of time. Ur-Zababa, the son ofPuzur-Suen, ruled for400 years. For all we know there was a thriving cottage industry in the area churning these things out for us westerners, just as there is now in Egypt!! Each of these states comprised a walled city and its surrounding villages and land, and each worshiped its own deity, whose temple was the central structure of the city. Curious: /kjrs/ eager to know or learn something. InLarag,En-sipad-zid-anaruled for 28800 years. Ilkuruled for 900 years. Rather, they were simply genealogies that outlined the descendency of families and tribes. With these similarities and many more, many scholars believe that the Holy Bible version of the devastating flood is just a copy of what was recorded by the Sumerians, which is a few thousand years older than Christianity itself. 98 below. Reinvestigating the Antediluvian Sumerian King List in JETS 36/I . If you will remember just how many RKOlogical fakes there are, and just how easy it is to fool us with stone tablets etc. What was the Egyptian system of writing known as? This flood story told in the Sumerian King List is about the same as whats recorded in the Holy Bible with Noah; at least, thats what many scholars believe. The Sumerian King List is an ancient manuscript originally recorded in the Sumerian language, listing kings of Sumer (ancient southern Iraq) from Sumerian and neighboring dynasties, their supposed reign lengths, and the locations of "official" kingship.Kingship was believed to have been handed down by the gods, and could be transferred from one city to another, reflecting perceived hegemony in . The Sumerian king list: translation (In the following translation, mss. Theres a stone tablet, recorded thousands of years ago in a Sumerian language that lists the ancient Kings of Sumer, their supposed length and location of kingship. Aga, the son ofEn-men-barage-si, ruled for 625 years. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without permission. Some of the rulers mentioned in the early list, such as Etana, Lugal-banda and Gilgamesh, are mythical or legendary figures whose heroic feats are subjects of a series of Sumerian and Babylonian narrative compositions. It is often assumed that the biblical Nephilim were all Giants. What were the years of the reign of Hadrian? For example, in ancient Egypt , the phrase he died aged 110 referred to someone who lived life to the full and who offered an important contribution to society. Zuqaqipruled for900(ms. Su1 has instead:600)years. 2000-1600 B.C.). What was the late Egyptian language written with? Etana, the shepherd, who ascended to heaven and consolidated all the foreign countries, became king; he ruled for1500(ms. P2+L2 has instead:635)years. Here I would like to present to you, The Sumerian King List. All rights reserved. What was ancient Egypt like when Ramesses II ruled? InZimbir,En-men-dur-anabecame king; he ruled for 21000 years. While the idea of tattooing certainly seems like it wouldve been a more recent development, archaeologists have discovered quite the opposite. The Sumerian King List (abbreviated SKL) or Chronicle of the One Monarchy is an ancient literary composition written in Sumerian that was likely created and redacted to legitimize the claims to power of various city-states and kingdoms in southern Mesopotamia during the late third and early second millennium BC. Joanna Gillan is a Co-Owner, Editor and Writer of Ancient Origins. Mec-ki-aj-gacer, the son ofUtu, ruled for324 years. 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